The best varieties of tomatoes for extreme conditions - short summer or heat

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Tomatoes today number over 3,000 varieties. Such a variety, on the one hand, is amazing, on the other - it puzzles: why so much? But the fact is that breeders strive to improve the culture and get, if not the perfect tomato, then the best in taste, resistance to disease and productivity. And in this matter, an important role is played by the climate, which is somewhere too cold for culture, and somewhere too hot. Hence, one of the goals of breeding is to develop optimally stable varieties and hybrids for each condition. And today this task has been largely accomplished. So, which varieties of tomatoes are best for a short summer, and which ones for heat?

The best varieties of tomatoes for a short summer

One of the unfavorable factors for growing tomatoes is a short summer. Thus, in Siberia and the Urals, negative temperatures can be observed as early as June in the form of return frosts, and then in September. For this short period, far from any variety and tomato hybrid manages to reveal its capabilities.

In addition, fogs, heavy rainfalls, and cold dews should be attributed to local adverse factors. Therefore, they call these lands - “the zone of risky farming” - you never know how the summer will be and how your work will end.

Understanding this problem, Siberian and Ural breeders have bred a number of varieties with short ripening, friendly yield, resistance to lack of light, temperature extremes, drought and diseases. And despite the fact that tomatoes do not tolerate lowering temperatures below +8 ° C, today there are a number of frost-resistant varieties that can tolerate short-term temperature drops - even down to -5 ° C.

Their author is the famous breeder Pavel Yakovlevich Saraev. These are “Sarajevo No. 1”, “Orenburger”, “Elk”, “July”, “I-2”, “I-3”, “Sibiryak”, “Abundant Sarajeva”, etc. In total, about 50 frost-resistant varieties and dozens of cold-resistant varieties were bred by the breeder, most of which are also drought-resistant. All of them are characterized by rapid development, good productivity and early maturity.

Thus, when choosing tomato varieties for a risky farming zone, first of all, it is necessary to pay attention to their cold resistance. And if there is no such data? Then you can rely on other guidelines, for example, on who bred this variety.

Siberian or Ural breeders are working on tomato breeding for a short summer. Among them - Valentina Nikolaevna Gubko (SibNIIRS), peasant farming "Kondakov Sergey Nikolaevich", LLC "Seeds of Altai". Pay attention to who is the seed producer. In this case, the companies are interesting: the agricultural company "Siberian Garden", "Agro Seed Company", "House of Seeds", "Ural summer resident". Agroholding "Search" has a series of seeds for Siberia, "Eurosemen" (Barnaul) offers the line "Siberia is fruitful."

You can still focus on the precocity and height of the bush. So, in open ground conditions, the best option will be early ripe determinant (with limited growth) varieties: “Summer resident”, “Petrush gardener”, “Liana”, “Fighter”, “Rodnichok F1”, “Velozmoha”, “Moskvich”, “Klusha”, “Dubok”, “Leningradsky Kholod”, "Countryman", "Flag", a series of "Gnome", etc. If desired, they can be planted in the greenhouse, occupying the outer beds under the slope of the walls. Harvest in such varieties and hybrids is formed quickly, the ripening is friendly - tomatoes have time to ripen before the end of summer.

However, more delicious fruits indeterminate (with unlimited growth) varieties. They can also be grown in these conditions, but in the greenhouse - “Abakan pink”, “King of Siberia”, “Pink Siberian tiger”, “Khokhloma”, “Alai Karavella F1”, “Alyosha Popovich”, “Altai honey”, “Grandma’s ”,“ Siberian Miracle ”,“ Top Model ”and many others. Basically, these are varieties and hybrids of medium maturity.

Heat resistant tomato varieties

The selection of varieties should be no less thorough for southerners. The hot summer, especially in recent years, begins in the spring, and gardeners are faced with the unfortunate fact - many varieties of tomatoes refuse to knit at temperatures above + 28 ... + 30 ° С. Their pollen becomes sterile, loses viability (fertilization does not occur, or occurs, but partial). The same problem catches up with middle-class summer residents, when in a greenhouse culture a tomato gives passes.

What to do? Firstly, you can try to help plants with the help of agricultural techniques: ventilate greenhouses, shade plantings, if the temperature at night does not fall below +18 ° C, water the beds in the evening. But it is more reliable to plant varieties with increased heat resistance, and, fortunately, there are more and more of them every year. They can also knit at a temperature of + 35 ° C (and higher), which means they cause fewer problems and are encouraging for the crop.

These include - “Parodist”, “South Rock”, “Heat Resistant”, “Mandarin”, hybrids - “Fantomas F1”, “Aramis F1”, “Friday F1”, “Portland F1”, etc. Many of them are still attractive. and the fact that they tolerate not only the high temperatures of summer, but also the instability of spring weather.

However, not always in the description of the variety its relation to adverse factors is indicated. Then you can rely on one more rule - give preference to those varieties and hybrids that are capable of tying the main brushes before the onset of heat and after it - early and late.

Superearly, early and mid-early tomatoes have time to bloom before the onset of intense heat, in medium-late and late flowering falls on its decline. Since the warm weather in the south is often delayed until mid-late October, they manage to please an excellent harvest.

The early varieties include - “Agatha”, “Adeline”, “Beefsteak”, “Flash”, “Volgograd pink”, “Golden Fleece”, “Liana”, “Novice”, “Sanka”, hybrid “Harlequin F1” and many others. To late - “Abakan pink”, “American ribbed”, “De barao giant”, “De Barao gold”, “De barao black”, “Malinka”, “Market miracle” ... The choice is so great that you can find your preferred color, and favorite shape, and the necessary taste of the fruit.

Tips for choosing tomato varieties

When choosing tomato seeds for planting this year, you should never rush - this crop is demanding to care for, and it is always a pity when you spent your time and energy in vain. The first thing you need to start with is the site plan and at least a rough calculation.

How much space will be allocated for tomato beds? What varieties do you want to grow this season - yellow, red, pink, green, blue, salad type, for conservation or universal, large-fruited, cocktail or cherry? Will these varieties be planted in a greenhouse or in the open ground, in what quantity?

Next, you need to soberly assess the situation - how much time are you ready to devote to tomato beds? If a little - it is worth giving preference to determinant varieties that do not require formation, and only a part of the tomatoes should be provided for a later harvest.

But it is worth considering that determinant tomatoes not only independently stop growing, but also often have a friendly return of the fruit, and not an extended fruiting.

And finally, it is very important to get acquainted with the characteristics of those varieties and hybrids that you liked. If you live in a climate zone that is unfavorable for culture for one reason or another, be sure to consider these features.